PERBEDAAN KUALITAS HIDUP PASIEN KATARAK SEBELUM DAN SESUDAH OPERASI KATARAK DI KLINIK MATA MOJOAGUNG KABUPATEN JOMBANG

ABSTRAK

Pendahuluan: Perubahan kualitas hidup dapat disebabkan oleh katarak yang terlihat dari berkurangnya kemampuan seseorang untuk melakukan pekerjaan dan aktivitas harian. Katarak dapat ditangani melalui operasi bedah katarak. Setelah dioperasi diharapkan fungsi penglihatan pasien kembali normal dan nilai kualitas hidupnya meningkat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi kualitas hidup pasien katarak sebelum operasi dan sesudah operasi, serta menganalisis perbedaan kualitas hidup pasien katarak sebelum dan sesudah operasi katarak di Klinik Mata Mojoagung Kabupaten Jombang. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan analitik komparatif dengan pendekatan kohort yang dilakukan pada tanggal 11 April s.d. 9 Juni 2018 dan bertempat di Klinik Mata Mojoagung. Populasinya adalah semua pasien katarak yang akan melakukan operasi katarak di Klinik Mata Mojoagung, sebanyak 144 orang, sedangkan besar sampel adalah 36 responden. Sampling penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Variabel independennya adalah operasi katarak, sedangkan variabel dependennya adalah kualitas hidup. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan kuesioner NEI VFQ-25, kemudian data diolah dengan cara editing, coding, scoring, tabulating, analisa data, dan uji statistik Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada peningkatan kualitas hidup pasien katarak sebelum dan sesudah operasi katarak di Klinik Mata Mojoagung Kabupaten Jombang. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan ρ = 0,000 < α = 0,05 sehingga H₁ diterima dengan nilai Z_hitung = -5,308. Kesimpulan: Adanya peningkatan kualitas hidup setelah dilakukannya operasi katarak dari hasil penelitian ini bisa dijadikan dasar untuk pelaksanaan operasi secara dini semenjak seseorang divonis menderita katarak. Hal ini karena semakin cepat pelaksanaan operasi katarak maka akan semakin baik sebelum dampak buruk katarak terhadap kualitas hidup terjadi berlarut-larut.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The change of life quality can be caused by cataract which is seen from the reduce of a person ‘s ability to work and do daily activities. Cataract can be handled through cataract surgery. After the surgery is expected the patient's vision function to back to be normal and the value of life quality increases. This research aimed to identify the cataract patient’ s life quality before and after surgery, and also to analyze the difference of cataract patient’s life quality before and after cataract surgery in the Eye Clinic of Mojoagung in Jombang District. Method: The design of research used comparative analysis with a cohort approach which was conducted from April 11^th to June 9^th, 2018 and it was located in the Eye Clinic of Mojoagung. The population was all cataract patients who would do cataract surgery in the Eye Clinic of Mojoagung, as many as 144 people, whereas the total of samples was 36 respondents. Research sampling used purposive sampling technique. Independent variable was cataract surgery, whereas the dependent variable was life quality. Data collection technique used NEI VFQ-25 questionnaire, then the data was processed by editing, coding, scoring, tabulating, data analysis, and Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test statistic test. Result: The result showed that there was an improvement of cataract patient’s life quality before and after cataract surgery in the Eye Clinic of Mojoagung in Jombang District. Statistical test result was obtained that ρ = 0,000 <α = 0.05 so that H1 was accepted with the value of Z count = -5.308. Conclusion: There was the improvement of life quality after cataract surgery from the result of this research can be used as the basis for implementing early cataract surgery since a person is convicted of suffering from cataracts. It is because of this case the faster the implementation of surgery is done so that the better it will be, before the bad effects of cataract on life quality occur late soluble.

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